sI am totally aware that the planet Earth is now highly populated. But I was shocked to know that in every second two people are being born, that everyday 200,000 people are being produced, and that in a year 80 million people are being added to our already large number. These make our population today to be approximately seven billion. The reason for this is simple, we have about one billion teenagers which will eventually have families of their own, and their children will also have children of their own and so on and so forth. We just keep on multiplying.
So, what is the problem if we have the capacity to double or even triple our population with such a short period of time? Isn’t that an advantage to our kind? The answer is no. In his book entitled “An Essay on Human Population”, Thomas Malthus said that the power of population is indefinitely greater than the power in the earth to produce subsistence for man, which is true. The earth has what we call “land carrying capacity”, it is the amount or number of life an ecosystem can support. This means that there is a limit to how much life the earth can sustain and with the numbers our species is reaching, we are nearing that limit.
Increasing population means increasing demands for food, water, energy, shelter and the like. The pressure that humans have put into these resources is so intense that the resources’ sustainability is already impaired. Water, for instance, is getting scarcer. Though 70% of the earth is covered with water only 2 ½% is freshwater, and out of that only 1% is available for human use. Unfortunately, this 1% is not use in a sustainable way. Pressure on water resources also puts pressure on another important resource– food. Productivity of the land in terms of food supply should now be doubled in order to feed our growing population. Energy, another resource that we get from nature, is now harder to find.
To reduce the negative impacts brought about by increasing human population, we must try to stop consuming too many resources; change technology; and reduce population growth. Some countries, such as China; India and some parts of Africa, are now making a move to reduce their population. China enforced a one-child policy; some time in India, the government held festivals that provide vasectomy operations; in some parts of Africa contraceptive pills and even hormones are made available. All of these activities are attempts to reduce or stabilize a countries’ population growth.
What China, India, and Africa have done in order to reduce the impacts of increasing human population to our natural resources is not the only solution. An understanding of the nature is also crucial for the sustainable use of resources. We, humans, were given the ability to think rationally and that intelligence is the one that could lead us to innovate new things that could help us save not just ourselves but the whole planet Earth.